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1.
Metas enferm ; 26(5): 27-31, Jun. 2023. graf, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-221177

RESUMO

El Comité Asesor de Vacunas de la Asociación Española de Pediatría considera que la vacunación antigripal de los niños/as mayores de 6 meses no incluidos en grupos de riesgo es una medida recomendable, pues proporciona protección individual y favorece la protección familiar y comunitaria. Es decir, se recomienda la vacunación antigripal infantil universal en niños/as entre 6 y 59 meses, tal y como propone, asimismo, la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS).Los niños/as sanos son la principal fuente de difusión de la gripe en la familia, pues excretan una mayor carga viral y durante más tiempo que los adultos. Los niños/as que parecen tener el mayor riesgo de complicaciones por la gripe son aquellos con una afección médica crónica subyacente y, por tanto, es necesario que se vacunen.Para la temporada 2022-2023, en España, se disponen de dos tipos de vacunas antigripales autorizadas para menores de 18 años, parenterales inactivadas e inhalada atenuada. Las vacunas parenterales están autorizadas a partir de los 6 meses (una de ellas a partir de los 24 meses) y la inhalada a partir de los 24 meses. El Consejo Interterritorial del Sistema Nacional de Salud ha incluido recientemente esta vacunación para todos los niños/as para la temporada 2023-2024.(AU)


The Vaccine Advisory Committee of the Spanish Paediatrics Association considers that anti-flu vaccination for children >6 months of age not included in risk groups is a recommended measure, because it provides individual protection and improves family and community protection. That is to say, universal anti-flu paediatric vaccination is recommended for children between 6 and 59 months of age; this is also suggested by the World Health Organization (WHO).Healthy children are the main source for spreading flu in the family, because they excrete a higher viral load, and for a longer time than adults. Children who seem to have the highest risk of flu-related complications are those with an underlying medical condition and, therefore, it is necessary to get them vaccinated.For the 2022-2023 season, there are two types of anti-flu vaccines authorized in Spain for <18-year-olds, which are the parenteral inactivated and the inhaled attenuated vaccines. Parenteral vaccines are authorized for >6-month-old children (one of them, for >24-month-old children), and the inhaled vaccine from the age of 24 months. The Interterritorial Council of the National Health System has recently included this vaccination for all children in the 2023-2024 season.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Vacinas contra Influenza/administração & dosagem , Pediatria , Vacinas , Influenza Humana , Vacinação , Administração Intranasal , Espanha , Saúde da Criança
3.
Aten. prim. (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 49(7): 426-437, ago.-sept. 2017. tab, ilus, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-165659

RESUMO

Las infecciones respiratorias representan la primera causa de morbilidad infecciosa tanto en adultos como en niños en atención primaria en España. Se tratan generalmente de infecciones autolimitadas, causadas principalmente por virus. Sin embargo, está documentado un alto porcentaje de prescripción antibiótica innecesaria. Las técnicas de diagnóstico rápido son pruebas biomédicas que puede ser utilizadas en la misma consulta con el paciente sin la necesidad de disponer de un laboratorio. El uso de estas pruebas, muchas de las cuales se han desarrollado recientemente, está aumentando rápidamente en atención primaria. No obstante, debemos reflexionar sobre si su uso contribuye siempre a que se realice un diagnóstico apropiado y de alta calidad por parte de los médicos de atención primaria. Presentamos un conjunto de criterios que pueden ser utilizados por los clínicos y se discuten las ventajas e inconvenientes de los instrumentos disponibles para el abordaje de las infecciones respiratorias y cómo utilizarlos (AU)


Respiratory tract infections rank first as causes of adult and paediatric infectious morbidity in primary care in Spain. These infections are usually self-limiting and are mainly caused by viruses. However, a high percentage of unnecessary antibiotic prescription is reported. Point-of-care tests are biomedical tests, which can be used near the patient, without interference of a laboratory. The use of these tests, many of which have been recently developed, is rapidly increasing in general practice. Notwithstanding, we must mull over whether they always contribute to an effective and high-quality diagnostic process by primary care clinicians. We present a set of criteria that can be used by clinicians and discuss the pros and cons of the instruments available for the management of respiratory tract infections and how to use them appropriately adecuadamente (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Criança , Adulto , Testes Imediatos , Infecções Respiratórias/diagnóstico , Fatores de Risco , Atenção Primária à Saúde/métodos , Padrões de Prática Médica , Manejo de Espécimes/métodos
4.
Aten Primaria ; 49(7): 426-437, 2017.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28623011

RESUMO

Respiratory tract infections rank first as causes of adult and paediatric infectious morbidity in primary care in Spain. These infections are usually self-limiting and are mainly caused by viruses. However, a high percentage of unnecessary antibiotic prescription is reported. Point-of-care tests are biomedical tests, which can be used near the patient, without interference of a laboratory. The use of these tests, many of which have been recently developed, is rapidly increasing in general practice. Notwithstanding, we must mull over whether they always contribute to an effective and high-quality diagnostic process by primary care clinicians. We present a set of criteria that can be used by clinicians and discuss the pros and cons of the instruments available for the management of respiratory tract infections and how to use them appropriately.

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